The Beatles’ ninth studio album, also known as the White Album, was released on 22 November 1968. It is the band’s only double album. There are no graphics or text on the cover other than the band’s name embossed on the white sleeve. Compared to the vivid artwork on the band’s previous album Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band, this cover artwork was intended as a direct contrast. The Beatles’ music is known for its fragmentary style and diversity of genres, including folk, British blues, ska, music hall, and pre-heavy metal. Some critics have since viewed it as a postmodern masterpiece, as well as one of the greatest albums ever.

A total of 30 songs are included on the album, 19 of which were written at the Transcendental Meditation course in Rishikesh, India, between March and April 1968. In those days, the only western instrument available to the band was the acoustic guitar; many of these songs remained acoustic on The Beatles, recorded solo or by part of the band alone. Because of the production aesthetic, the album’s sound was scaled down and less reliant on studio innovation than most releases since Revolver (1966). By keeping each piece of music faithful to a specific genre, the Beatles broke with the band’s tradition of incorporating several musical styles into one song at the time.

Recording sessions began at EMI Studios in London at the end of May 1968 and lasted until mid-October. It was during these sessions that disagreements broke out between the foursome over creative differences and the presence of Yoko Ono, the Beatles’ new girlfriend, who subverted the Beatles’ rule that wives and girlfriends were not allowed in the studio. A series of problems led to Ringo Starr leaving the band for two weeks in August, including producer George Martin taking a sudden holiday and engineer Geoff Emerick suddenly quitting during a session. Tensions continued throughout the following year, leading to the band’s breakup.

Despite 1968’s turbulent political and social climate, the Beatles’ satirical songs were considered unimportant and apolitical by most music critics. In Britain and the United States, it topped the record charts. In either country, no singles were issued, but “Hey Jude” and “Revolution” were released on a single in August 1968. Platinum certification has been awarded to the album by the RIAA. For the 50th anniversary of the album, a remixed and expanded edition was released in 2018.

• Artist: The Beatles
• Release date: November 22, 1968
• Genres: Rock, Pop music, Pop rock, Country music, Hard rock
• Label: Apple Records

The Beatles (White Album) tracklist

DISC 1 – SIDE A

1. Back in the U.S.S.R.
   (Lennon-McCartney)
2. Dear Prudence
   (Lennon-McCartney)
3. Glass Onion
   (Lennon-McCartney)
4. Ob-La-Di, Ob-La-Da
   (Lennon-McCartney)
5. Wild Honey Pie
   (Lennon-McCartney)
6. The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill
   (Lennon-McCartney)
7. While My Guitar Gently Weeps
   (Harrison)
8. Happiness Is a Warm Gun
   (Lennon-McCartney)

DISC 1 – SIDE B

1. Martha My Dear
   (Lennon-McCartney)
2. I’m So Tired
   (Lennon-McCartney)
3. Blackbird
   (Lennon-McCartney)
4. Piggies
   (Harrison)
5. Rocky Raccoon
   (Lennon-McCartney)
6. Don’t Pass Me By
   (Starkey)
7. Why Don’t We Do It in the Road?
   (Lennon-McCartney)
8. I Will
   (Lennon-McCartney)
9. Julia
   (Lennon-McCartney)

DISC 2 – SIDE A

1. Birthday
   (Lennon-McCartney)
2. Yer Blues
   (Lennon-McCartney)
3. Mother Nature’s Son
   (Lennon-McCartney)
4. Everybody’s Got Something to Hide Except Me and My Monkey
   (Lennon-McCartney)
5. Sexy Sadie
   (Lennon-McCartney)
6. Helter Skelter
   (Lennon-McCartney)
7. Long, Long, Long
   (Harrison)

DISC 2 – SIDE B

1. Revolution 1
   (Lennon-McCartney)
2. Honey Pie
   (Lennon-McCartney)
3. Savoy Truffle
   (Harrison)
4. Cry Baby Cry
   (Lennon-McCartney)
5. Revolution 9
   (Lennon-McCartney)
6. Good Night
   (Lennon-McCartney)

Beatles for Sale is the fourth studio album by the Beatles. It was released on 4 December 1964 in the United Kingdom on EMI’s Parlophone label. The album marked a departure from the upbeat tone that had characterized the Beatles’ previous work, partly due to the band’s exhaustion after a series of tours that had established them as a worldwide phenomenon in 1964. Beatles for Sale was not widely available in the US until 1987, when the Beatles’ catalogue was standardized for release on CD. Instead, eight of the album’s fourteen tracks appeared on Capitol Records’ concurrent release, Beatles ’65, issued in North America only.

The sessions for Beatles for Sale also produced a non-album single, “I Feel Fine” backed by “She’s a Woman“. During the sessions, the band ventured into studio experimentation, such as employing a fade-in and incorporating guitar feedback, and supplemented the basic recordings with percussion instruments such as timpani, African hand drums and chocalho. The album reflects the twin influences of country music and Bob Dylan, whom the Beatles met in New York in August 1964. Partly as a result of the group’s hectic schedule, only eight of the tracks are original compositions, with cover versions of songs by artists such as Carl Perkins, Chuck Berry, Buddy Holly and Little Richard being used to complete the album. The original songs introduced darker musical moods and more introspective lyrics, with John Lennon adopting an autobiographical perspective in “I’m a Loser” and “No Reply“.

Beatles for Sale received good reviews in the UK musical press, where it held the number one spot for 11 of the 46 weeks that it spent in the top 20. The album was similarly successful in Australia, where the band’s cover of Berry’s “Rock and Roll Music” also topped the singles chart. One of the songs omitted from the US version of the album, “Eight Days a Week”, became the Beatles’ seventh number one in the US when issued as a single there in February 1965. In 2000, it was voted number 204 in the third edition of Colin Larkin’s book All Time Top 1000 Albums.

• Release date: December 4, 1964
• Genres: Rock, Pop music, Rock and roll, Pop rock, Country music, Folk rock, Country rock
• Label: Parlophone

Beatles For Sale tracklist

SIDE A

1. No Reply
   (Lennon/McCartney)
2. I’m A Loser
   (Lennon/McCartney)
3. Baby’s in Black
   (Lennon/McCartney)
4. Rock And Roll Music
   (Berry)
5. I’ll Follow The Sun
   (Lennon/McCartney)
6. Mr Moonlight
   (Johnson)
7. Kansas City/Hey, Hey, Hey, Hey!
   (Leiber/Stoller/Penniman)

SIDE B

1. Eight Days A Week
   (Lennon/McCartney)
2. Words Of Love
   (Holly)
3. Honey Don’t
   (Perkins)
4. Every Little Thing
   (Lennon/McCartney)
5. I Don’t Want To Spoil The Party
   (Lennon/McCartney)
6. What You’re Doing
   (Lennon/McCartney)
7. Everybody’s Trying To Be My Baby
   (Carl Perkins)